21 results
Peripheral Blood Smear Analysis
Hypochromia
Megaloblastic Anemia
Schistocytes: Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (e.g. DIC, TTP, HUS)
Microspherocytes: Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
Sickled red
Megaloblastic Anemia ... (e.g. ... Smear #Analysis #hematology ... #microscopy #interpretation ... #clinical #anemia
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
(usually IgG) (e.g ... (usually IgM) (e.g ... lymphoproliferative disorders ... deficiencies (e.g ... differential #diagnosis #hematology
Causes of Thrombocytosis - Differential Diagnosis
Secondary Thrombocytosis (a.k.a Reactive Thrombocytosis):
 • Acute infection
 • Solid organ
malignancies • Anemia ... Chronic inflammatory disorders ... (e.g. autoimmune ... Myelodysplastic syndrome ... Diagnosis #Causes #hematology
Peripheral blood findings in microangiopathic hemolytic anemia.  DIC is a clinical and laboratory diagnosis, not
microangiopathic hemolytic anemia ... DIC is a clinical ... count, D-dimer, egg ... #Hematology #Pathology ... #Smear #Microscopy
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology
Microcytic RBC: Pyridoxine deficiency, Thalassemia, Iron deficiency anemia, Chronic disease anemia (sometimes),
Iron deficiency anemia ... Chemotherapy (e.g ... Unstable hemoglobin disorders ... differential #diagnosis #hematology ... #microscopy #atlas
Causes of Anemia with elevated Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Blood Smear
 •
Causes of Anemia ... Increased Requirement (e.g ... • Small Bowel Disorder ... Myelodysplastic Syndromes ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Nail Disorders secondary to Systemic Diseases
Nail Fold Abnormality
 • SLE
 • Scleroderma
 • Dermatomyositis
Koilonychia - Spoon-shaped
Nail Disorders secondary ... Iron deficiency anemia ... halt nail growth (e.g ... • Nephrotic syndrome ... Systemic #Secondary #dermatology
Causes of Fatigue - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Endocrine
 • Hypo/Hyperthyroidism
 • Diabetes
 • Pituitary Insufficiency
 • Adrenal
Neoplastic / Hematologic ... • Anemia • ... • Drug Abuse (e.g ... • Somatization Disorder ... Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Cryoglobulinemia Summary

Cryoglobulins:
 • Cryoglobulins are Igs in the serum that precipitate in vitro at temperatures below
: • Clinical triad ... hematological disorders ... vasculitis - GPA, EGPA, microscopic ... (e.g. systemic ... classification #rheumatology
CNS Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Clinical Manifestations: Demyelinating Syndrome, Headache, Movement disorders, Seizure disorders, Aseptic
Erythematosus (SLE) Clinical ... Demyelinating Syndrome ... Headache, Movement disorders ... , Seizure disorders ... Lumbar Puncture, EEG