11 results
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... Metabolic alkalosis ... Metabolic alkalosis ... of Metabolic Alkalosis ... ABG #bloodgas #Acid
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Metabolic Alkalosis ... the indicated causes ... acidosis, a high ... #Metabolic #Alkalosis ... #differential #
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
High Anion Gap Metabolic ... Acidosis (HAGMA ... ) - Differential ... salicylate toxicity causes ... underexcretion of acids
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Losses: • Normal Acid-Base ... acidosis: Gl tract ... Syndrome • HTN, High ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Hypochloremia - Differential ... alkalosis - Fistulas ... secretion • Acid-base ... metabolic acidosis ... metabolic alkalosis
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Causes of High-anion ... Acidosis Causes ... of High-anion Gap ... #Acidosis #differential ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
urinary losses: • High ... Alkalosis: Emesis ... acidosis: Proximal ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential ... #potassium #nephrology
Differential Diagnosis of Respiratory Acid-Base Disorders
Alkalosis
A. Central nervous system stimulation: Pain, Anxiety, psychosis, Fever, Cerebrovascular accident,
of Respiratory Acid-Base ... tissue hypoxia: High ... Pneumonia, pulmonary edema ... #alkalosis #differential ... #diagnosis #causes
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
transfusion • HTN and edema ... infusions) - Metabolic ... acidosis - Hyperkalemia ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
resistance • Metabolic ... alkalosis • Familial ... Bumetanide, Ethacrynic acid ... Kidney stones caused ... #Medications #Table