18 results
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Differentials? ... metabolic acidosis ... + High AG metabolic ... AG metabolic acidosis ... Metabolic acidosis
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
High Anion Gap Metabolic ... Acidosis (HAGMA ... ) - Differential ... salicylate toxicity causes ... #Differential #
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Algorithm Extra-renal ... Losses: • Normal ... Syndrome • HTN, High ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
gap metabolic acidosis ... metabolic acidosis ... the indicated causes ... acidosis, a high ... #differential #
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
) - Differential ... • Serum K high ... - Diarrhea - High ... #Metabolic #NAGMA ... #Differential
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Causes of High-anion ... Acidosis Causes ... Renal acidosis ... #Acidosis #differential ... #nephrology
Lactated Ringers (LR) vs Normal Saline (NS) - Comparison

Composition of LR:
 • Sodium 130 mEq/L
 •
development of metabolic ... Hyperchloremia nonanion gap metabolic ... shift • Saline Causes ... densa receives high ... • Saline May Cause
Causes of Non-Gap Metabolic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Anion Gap (<14) (Loss of Bicarbonate) -
Causes of Non-Gap ... Metabolic Acidosis ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm Normal ... Diarrhea • Fistula Renal
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Algorithm Acidosis ... - Diarrhea pH Normal ... Metabolic alkalosis ... Renal artery stenosis ... Algorithm #Diagnosis #Causes
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
suggests extra-renal ... urinary losses: • High ... consumption • Low/Normal ... acidosis: Proximal ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential