24 results
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential ... salicylate toxicity causes ... underexcretion of acids ... Acidosis #HAGMA #Differential ... GOLDMARK #mnemonic #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Losses: • Normal Acid-Base ... Low intake • Metabolic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... potassium #low #nephrology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... Differentials? ... or restrictive lung ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology ... ABG #bloodgas #Acid
Causes of Neuromuscular Weakness
 • Spinal Cord: Demyelinating Disease (MS), Epidural abscess, Infarction, Syringomyelia, Tetanus, Transverse
Causes of Neuromuscular ... aminoglycosides) • Muscles: Acid ... Malnutrition, Metabolic ... #differential # ... diagnosis #neurology
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Hypochloremia - Differential ... secretion • Acid-base ... components of acid-base ... Hypochloremia #Differential ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
poisoning Normal acid-base ... the indicated causes ... and potassium acid ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #
Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema - Differential Diagnosis Framework

NCPE Pathophysiology:
Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema occurs because of excessive pulmonary capillary
- Differential ... Causes include: ... ischemic changes CXR ... Transfusion-related acute lung ... #NCPE #differential
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Non-anion Gap Metabolic ... , Pyroglutamic acid ... Acid loads (ammonium ... #Acidosis #differential ... #nephrology
Imaging Patterns of Toxic and Metabolic Brain Disorders

Thalami, Mammillary Bodies and Tectum: Wernicke Encephalopathy
Dentate Nuclei: Metronidazole,
Patterns of Toxic and Metabolic ... Parieto-Occipital Vasogenic Edema ... Disorders #Clinical #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Radiology ... #Neurology
Guide to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)

What to ask/look for: 
 - HPI, PMH, full ROS
Cl/urea/protein/Cr ... - CPK, uric acid ... rhabdo/TLS) Causes ... AcuteKidneyInjury #AKI #Nephrology ... #Differential