18 results
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Meningeal signs ... ) • Systemic symptoms ... and signs (e.g. ... #neurology #PHANTOMS
Photophobia and Headache - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Why?
• The coexistence of photophobia and headache suggests the potential
Photophobia and Headache ... - Autonomic symptoms ... meningeal irritation signs ... Mydriasis • Painful optic ... ophthalmology #Neurology
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
Examination: • UMN signs ... Clonus, Babinski’s sign ... • Lhermitte’s sign ... pupillary defect SIGNS ... Signs and symptoms
Lyme Disease: Early and Late Clinical manifestations
Stage 1. Localized
 • EM appears 7-14 days at the
Early and Late Clinical ... myalgia, arthralgia, headache ... • Heralded by neurologic ... Disease #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms
Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION) - Recognition of giant cell arteritis (GCA)

1) Is visual loss caused
Clinical manifestations ... • Cephalic symptoms ... Constitutional symptoms ... Doppler US : halo sign ... Ophthalmology #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Enlarged optic nerve sheath diameter and crescent sign in 30 yo female patient reporting 3 months
diameter and crescent sign ... reporting 3 months of headaches ... Hypertension #Ocular #POCUS ... #Clinical #Ultrasound ... #crescent #sign
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations
 • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to
Optica (NMO) - Clinical ... Manifestations • Optic ... Manifestations #diagnosis #neurology ... #symptoms #signs
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
Coltivirus Symptoms ... • Common clinical ... influenzae Symptoms ... Acute meningeal signs ... differential #diagnosis #neurology
Differentiating NBTE from Infective Endocarditis
No pathognomonic signs/symptoms or echo features that are specific to NBTE, and
pathognomonic signs ... /symptoms or echo ... high index of clinical ... Hypercoagulable states • Clinical ... dysfunction common, Aortic
Giant cell arteritis (GCA)

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) definition: Most common systemic inflammatory vasculitis in older adults
with systemic, neurologic ... those coming off aorta ... Diagnosis = clinical ... systemic sx + signs ... GCA #Temporal #Signs