1996 results
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome ... hyperviscosity syndrome ... , Elevated uric ... #TLS #diagnosis ... #management #hematology
Algorithm for the outpatient management of thrombocytopenia. 
(DIC = disseminated intravascular coagulation; EDTA = ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid;
the outpatient management ... HELLP = hemolysis, elevated ... hemolytic uremic syndrome ... #Diagnosis #Management
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Definition: Overwhelming clinical syndrome associated with excessive macrophage activation and cytokine storm due to
Overwhelming clinical syndrome ... Diagnosis via genetic ... >500 ng/mL • Elevated ... soluble CD25 • Elevated ... #management #treatment
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
factor PRES Diagnosis ... Differential Diagnosis ... CSF: Modestly elevated ... An elevated white ... #diagnosis #management
Fever vs Hyperthermia
Fever:
 • Regulated in the hypothalamic thermoregulatory center
 • "Set point" raised by prostaglandin
and decrease the elevated ... Neuroleptic malignant syndrome ... ; Serotonin syndrome ... Hyperthermia #comparison #diagnosis ... #management #treatment
Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Epidemiology:
 • Prevalence: 1-2 cases per million -
(SPS) - Diagnosis ... and Management ... - Diagnosis: ... with SPS have elevated ... #Management #treatment
Pancreatitis management checklist 
Evaluation to guide etiology & management 
 - RUQ ultrasound 
 - Calcium
Pancreatitis management ... guide etiology & management ... abdominal compartment syndrome ... e.g., markedly elevated ... Pancreatitis #Checklist #Diagnosis
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
(Mannitol) • Elevated ... intraocular pressure • Elevated ... disequilibrium syndrome ... • Diagnosis of ... irrigation • Management
Differentiation Syndrome in APML
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: common in APL (2-48% depending on the study)
 • Triggers:
Differentiation Syndrome ... if WBC > 5 or elevated ... Differentiation #Syndrome ... #APML #diagnosis ... #management #hematology
Orthopedic Emergencies
Compartment Syndrome
 • An increase in compartment pressure to the point where tissue perfusion is
• Initial Management ... should not be elevated ... Syndrome usually ... • Diagnosis: ... #Emergencies #diagnosis