13 results
Mechanism of Action of Bile Acid Sequestrants
Bile Acid Sequestrants → ↓ Hepatic Bile Acid Pool →
Mechanism of Action of Bile ... Sequestrants Bile ... Pool → ↑ Hepatic Bile ... Plasma LDL-C #biliary ... sequestration #pathophysiology
Elevated Liver Enzymes - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Severe ALT > 15x ULN
 • Viral
 • Drugs/Toxins
 •
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... disease US — Normal Bile ... US - Dilated Bile ... Ducts • Common Bile ... Duct Stone • Biliary
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis - Pathophysiology
Environmental Risk Factors: Geographic location, Smoking, Microbial triggers, Xenobiotics, Nail polish
Epigentics Risk
Primary Biliary ... Cirrhosis - Pathophysiology ... gradual loss of bile ... inflammation and biliary ... #PBC #Primary #Biliary
Classification of Jaundice
Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia (predominantly indirect bilirubin)
 • Increased bilirubin production (eg, hemolytic anemias, hemolytic reactions,
Classification of ... genes coding for bile ... Dysfunction - Biliary ... external pressure on bile ... #Jaundice #Classification
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
65 years PBC Pathophysiology ... small intralobular bile ... of intralobular bile ... of interlobular bile ... related disease, Bile
Abnormal Liver Function Tests - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm for Transaminitis
Hepatocellular Pattern (ALT or AST > ALP):
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • US - Normal Bile ... • US - Dilated Bile ... - CBD stone, Biliary ... Transaminitis #Algorithm
Classification for benign biliary strictures
Bismuth classification
I - Low CHD stricture, > 2 cm distal to hilum
II
with consequent bile ... located > 2 cm from bile ... located < 2 cm from bile ... right and left bile ... occlusion of all bile
Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Vascular Causes of Acute Liver Injury: 
 • Hepatic vein:
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Extrahepatic - Biliary ... ALP - Surface of bile ... - Cholestasis/Bile ... differential #diagnosis #algorithm
Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) Elevation - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

ALP:
 - Enzymes that catalyze hydrolysis of organic phosphate
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Drugs - Primary biliary ... PSC - Other biliary ... diseases/Bile duct ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Differential Diagnosis of Biliary Duct Dilation #Diagnosis #EM #IM #GI #Biliary #Bile #Duct #Dilatation #Differential #Algorithm
Differential Diagnosis of Biliary ... Diagnosis #EM #IM #GI #Biliary ... #Bile #Duct #Dilatation ... #Differential #Algorithm