14 results
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
) (e.g. lupus, CLL ... lymphoproliferative disorders ... Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection ... spherocytosis) • Infections ... #diagnosis #hematology
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
- Due to Viral infection ... Polyclonal - Viral Infection ... Diagnosis: • hemolytic ... Check For: • Infections ... #hematology #diagnosis
Leukemias Overview: ALL, CML, AML, APML, CLL

Acute leukemias > 20% blasts in the peripheral blood smear
Malaise, bleeding, infections ... extramedullary disease ... pain, bleeding, infections ... bruising, bleeding, infection ... #Oncology #Diagnosis
Hodgkin's Lymphoma vs Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma - Comparison

Hodgkin's Lymphoma:
 • Epidemiology: young adults 20-30, older 50-70
 •
e.g., HIV), EBV infection ... Etiology: - Infections ... Diagnosis of B-Symptoms ... #oncology #diagnosis ... hematology
Causes of Splenomegaly - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Infectious
 • Bacterial
 • Viral (EBV)
 • Parasitic
 • Fungal
Congestive
Infectious • ... Myeloproliferative disorders ... Serum Sickness Hemolytic ... Cell Disease (children ... #Causes #Hematology
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Sickle cells - Consider sickle cell disease (diverse genotypes):
- Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Consider sickle cell ... inclusions - If infection ... Consider RBC membrane disorder
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia - Summary

Cancer affecting lymphocytes/Mature B cell neoplasm
 • Lymphocytes accumulate in large numbers
with no early symptoms ... weeks without infection ... cells can indicate disease ... lymphoproliferative disorders ... #workup #oncology
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
CNS Infection in ... Opportunistic Infections ... opportunistic infections ... opportunistic infections ... opportunistic infections
Differentiation Syndrome in APML
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: common in APL (2-48% depending on the study)
 • Triggers:
• Induce blast cell ... : >3 symptoms, or ... initiation • Differential ... Diagnosis: Infection ... #hematology #oncology
Elevated Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

LDH is a cytoplasmic enzyme present in tissues throughout
Dehydrogenase (LDH) - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... paralyses CNS Disorders ... • Toxins • Infection ... associated with any symptoms