38 results
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Excessive GI losses ... Post-obstructive diuresis ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... Magnesium #Table #Classification ... #Causes #Workup
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
tubular acidosis (Types ... and 2, but not type ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... Potassium #Table #Classification ... #Causes
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Low intake 
• poor oral intake 

Renal loss 
• Medication 
• Hypomagnesemia 
•
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Low intake ... Hypomagnesemia • Osmotic diuresis ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #Classification
Shock Classification and Differential Diagnosis
SHOCK
 • MAP <65, SBP <90, drop in SBP > 40
 •
Shock Classification ... • High CO / Low ... Blood Loss, GI Losses ... Sophia_Hayes_MD #Shock #Classification ... Differential #Diagnosis #Types
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis Workup ... Algorithm 1) ... • Euvolemic (Low ... osmotic (solute) diuresis ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia
Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
Workup for Hypophosphatemia ... • Normal or Low ... - Normal or Low ... Inh., Osmotic diuresis ... Diagnosis #Framework #Workup
The Diagnostic Approach to Hyperkalemia
Drugs
 - Amiloride
 - Spironolactone
 - Triamterene
 - Trimethoprim
 - Pentamidine
 -
obstruction _ pHA type ... I, type II - ... Ketoconazole Low ... diseases _ pHA type ... #Hyperkalemia #Algorithm
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Once pseudohypokalemia is ruled out, causes of hypokalemia can be
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... filling of bucket (low ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #workup
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
Framework and Workup ... /normal Type ... /normal Type ... Villous adenoma - Losses ... Differential #Diagnosis #Workup
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... administration • Osmotic diuresis ... mannitol, glucosuria Low ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes