154 results
21-Hydroxylase Deficiency (21-OHD): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Autosomal recessive mutation in CYP21A2 coding for the enzyme 21-OHase
coding for the enzyme ... glands • Salt wasting ... the amount of enzyme ... infants with "salt wasting ... #21HydroxylaseDeficiency #21OHD #pathophysiology
Steroid Synthesis Pathway

(OH, hydroxy; HSD, hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase; DHEA, dehydroepiandrosterone; pink, common enzymes affecting CAH, purple –
; pink, common enzymes ... Pathway #metabolism #pathophysiology
Purple Urine Bag Syndrome
Chronic, indwelling catheter + bacteriuria (Providencia, Klebsiella, E.coli*) + alkaline urine
Tryptophan → Indoxyl
sulfate → Sulfatase enzyme ... Syndrome #PUBS #pathophysiology
Heme Synthesis Pathway
Enzymes
1. ALA Synthase
2. ALA Dehydratase
3. Porphobilinogen deaminase
4. UP Ill Synthase
5. UP Ill Decarboxylase
6. Coproporphyrinogen
Synthesis Pathway Enzymes ... Synthesis #Pathway #pathophysiology
Syncope Diagnostic Testing and Evaluation: Cost Effectiveness
Frequency obtained - Abnormal findings - Helped determine etiology of
Syncope Diagnostic Testing ... Telemetry, Cardiac enzymes ... diagnosis #workup #testing
Uric Acid Homeostasis
In the liver, purines are metabolized to uric acid. The last step in purine
metabolism involves an enzyme ... In animals, the enzyme ... Homeostasis #Gout #Pathophysiology
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
Angiotensin-converting enzyme ... differential #diagnosis #pathophysiology
ASE Guidelines for Noninvasive Vascular Testing
 • Carotid Arteries
 • Renal Arteries
 • Lower Extremities

#Noninvasive #Vascular
Noninvasive Vascular Testing ... Noninvasive #Vascular #Testing ... #POCUS
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Gastrointestinal Manifestations
 - Thrombosis of vessels in the pancreas, Vasculitis -> Acute Pancreatitis
Elevated Liver Enzymes ... Complications #pathophysiology
Inflammatory Cascade: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Continued Innate Immunity
 • Phagocytosis: (main mechanism) neutrophils and macrophages engulf
puncture holes), enzyme-mediated ... #Inflammation #pathophysiology