14 results
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... tubal acidosis and metabolic ... Cardiac failure #Hyponatremia ... #Causes #nephrology
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
Causes of Seizures ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Neurocysticercosis, PML • Metabolic ... Hyperglycemia, Hyponatremia ... #Causes #neurology
Causes of Secondary / Provoked Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Febrile
Infection
 • Sepsis
 • Encephalitis
 • Meningitis
Metabolic
Causes of Secondary ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Meningitis Metabolic ... Hypocalcemia • Hyponatremia ... #Causes
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm ... Metabolic alkalosis ... #Differential #Algorithm ... #Diagnosis #Causes ... #Workup #Nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Volume Expanded - 1° ... aldosteronism #Metabolic ... #Nephrology #Causes
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Interpretation: 1. ... mmol/L Step 1 ... Acetazolamide Causes ... lung disease (COPD ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
Causes: 1. ... Toxic Metabolic: ... Sensory level (1- ... disorders #diagnosis #neurology ... differential #algorithm
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... of hypotonic hyponatremia ... normal volume-based algorithm ... +K / serum Na >1 ... table #sodium #nephrology
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
heat illness → Hypernatremia ... • Labs: - Metabolic ... pulse rate - Core ... Multi-system illness: 1. ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Management Summary Causes ... Heat stroke - Metabolic ... Hyperuricemia • Hyponatremia ... Diagnosis #Management #causes ... #treatment #nephrology