19 results
Cryoglobulinemia Summary

Cryoglobulins:
 • Cryoglobulins are Igs in the serum that precipitate in vitro at temperatures below
• They can cause ... Cause Organ Damage ... • Autoimmune diseases ... RA - 5 to 20% Sjögren's ... classification #rheumatology
BEE Syndromes - Immune-mediated conditions affecting the brain, eye, and ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in conjunction
and less common diseases ... Inflammatory causes ... • Sjögren syndrome ... optica spectrum disorder ... #neurology #inflammatory
Purpura - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Non-blanchable, dark red to purple, hemorrhagic skin lesions that result from leakage
- Bone marrow disease ... Kasabach-Merritt syndrome ... Gardner-Diamond syndrome ... Associated - SLE, Sjogren's ... Differential #Diagnosis #hematology
Cryofibrinogenemia Summary

Cryofibrinogenemia Epidemiology:
 • 40-70 years with a modest female predominance

Cryofibrinogenemia:
 • The precipitation of a
Cryoglobulins ... cryoglobulinemia Associated Disorders ... • Negative causes ... Antiphospholipid syndrome ... #hematology
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations
 • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to
involvement: Intractable nausea ... (AQP4-lgG disease ... Comorbid autoimmune disorders ... erythematosus, Sjögren ... Manifestations #diagnosis #neurology
Causes of Petechial Rash - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Pinpoint areas (less than 2 mm) of hemorrhage, which
Causes of Petechial ... Vasculitis - Collagen disorders ... Vasculitis (lupus, RA, Sjogren's ... blood test • Serology ... immunoglobulins & cryoglobulins
CNS Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Clinical Manifestations: Demyelinating Syndrome, Headache, Movement disorders, Seizure disorders, Aseptic
Demyelinating Syndrome ... Cerebrovascular Disease ... autoantibodies that will cause ... Erythematosus #SLE #CNS #neurology ... cerebritis #diagnosis #management
Causes of Fatigue - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Endocrine
 • Hypo/Hyperthyroidism
 • Diabetes
 • Pituitary Insufficiency
 • Adrenal
Neoplastic / Hematologic ... Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ... Neurologic • ... • Somatization Disorder ... Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Sjogren's Syndrome Overview

Epidemiology:
• F > M: 9:1
• 5-6th Decades (can be any age)

Autoimmune exocrinopathy multisystemic disease
Sjogren's Syndrome ... Hypocomplementemia • Can cause ... Nephrogenic DI Hematologic ... #Syndrome #Rheumatology ... #Diagnosis #Management
Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID)

What?
CVID: Immunodeficiency disorder with hypogammaglobulinemia -> increased infection risk secondary to impaired B-cell
Immunodeficiency disorder ... DDX - Other causes ... : • Nephrotic syndrome ... (Epstein-Barr syndrome ... hypogammaglobulinemia #immunology #hematology