16 results
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
WBCs, or urine ... → Urine culture ... → Refer to Nephrology ... cystoscopy • Refer ... to Nephrology if
Hematuria in Post-Renal Transplant Patient
Prevalence up to 12% in the postrenal transplant patient
 • Bacterial: Escherichia
kidney #blood #urine ... #management #treatment ... #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
Diagnosis and Treatment ... history, exam, and urine ... DI; high dilute urine ... : Treatment of ... #management #nephrology
SIADH Treatment Options
1. Treat underlying cause of SIADH: Pain, Primary lung pathology, Post-operative phenomenon, Medications, Basically
SIADH Treatment ... 0.9% NS • If Urine ... Hypotension, Increased urine ... #hyponatremia #nephrology ... #treatment
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
lower extremity reflexes ... bulbocavernosus reflex ... wink test - reflex ... axial T1 and T2 Treatment ... diagnosis #causes #neurology
Management of SIADH
Treat underlying cause:
 • Causes can include pain, primary lung pathology, post-operative phenomenon, medications,
Saline: • If Urine ... #hyponatremia #nephrology ... #treatment
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Weakness - Dark urine ... oxidative injury Treatment ... Treatment of underlying ... hour with goal urine ... #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Diagnosis and Treatment ... Measure urine osmolality ... Treatment: Treatment ... Differential #Diagnosis #Treatment ... #management #nephrology
Pheochromocytoma - Diagnosis and Management Summary
10 percent rule = 10% of pheochromocytomas are extra-adrenal, multiple, bilateral,
hypotension (may reflect ... rarely, secondary erythrocytosis ... Treatment • Operable ... • Treatment of ... otherwise, palliative Treatment
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
Decreased / Absent Reflexes ... Treatment: • Plasmapheresis ... diagnosis #management #treatment ... #neurology