15 results
Estimating the Total Daily Dose (TDD) of Insulin: Weight-Based Dosing
TDD in units of insulin = N
Estimating the Total ... Dose (TDD) of Insulin ... #dosing #estimation ... #pharmacology #endocrinology ... #diabetes #DM2
Pathophysiology of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) and Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Syndrome (HHS)
Absolute Insulin deficit:
 - Type I DM:
Pathophysiology ... Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Syndrome ... - Type II DM ... #dka #hhs #pathophysiology ... #comparison #endocrinology
Sulfonylureas - Pharmacology Summary
Mechanisms of Action: Binds to the ATP-sensitive potassium channel in pancreatic beta cells,
ATP-sensitive potassium ... cells, triggering insulin ... Pharmacology #Summary #DM2 ... #diabetes #endocrinology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
K+ into cells: Insulin ... - Refeeding Syndrome ... Algorithm #causes #potassium ... #low #pathophysiology
The “twin cycles” of diabetes, first introduced by Roy Taylor in 2008.  
#fatty liver #fatty
diabetes #t2d #dm2 ... #insulin resistance ... #pathophysiology ... #endocrinology
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ... Administration of inulin ... , Gitelman syndrome ... hypokalemia #urine #potassium ... algorithm #diagnosis #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Poorly controlled DM ... • Recent IV potassium ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... paralysis - Insulin ... #high #nephrology
Growth Hormone Excess - Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Acromegaly and gigantism share the same pathophysiology
share the same pathophysiology ... Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ... and feet Excess Insulin ... signs #symptoms #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
Refeeding Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Patients at Risk of Refeeding Syndrome:
 - Little or no nutritional
Refeeding Syndrome ... BMI < 18.5 kg/m2 ... including diuretics, insulin ... parenteral -> Insulin ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Poorly controlled DM ... • Recent IV potassium ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... paralysis - Insulin ... #high #nephrology