408 results
Decompensated Heart Failure Management Strategies

Wet (volume overloaded) vs Dry (euvolemic) and Cold (low cardiac output) vs
Strategies Wet (volume ... overloaded) vs Dry (euvolemic
Decompensated Heart Failure Classification
Wet (volume overloaded) vs Dry (euvolemic) and Cold (low cardiac output) vs Warm
Classification Wet (volume ... overloaded) vs Dry (euvolemic
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
mechanism 2) Volume ... Skin loss • Euvolemic ... Diuretics, osmotic (solute ... ) diuresis • Euvolemic
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
Volume Based Approach ... Cerebral salt wasting Euvolemic ... Hypothyroidism, Low solute ... SatyaPatelMD #Volume
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Assess volume status ... • extra-renal volume ... fevers • renal volume ... - diuretics EUVOLEMIC
True Hyponatremia Differential Algorithm

Instead (or in addition) of volume status examination, check urine sodium and serum
in addition) of volume ... uric acid low in euvolemic
Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation of Hyponatremia:
1) Identification of onset (acute vs. chronic)
2) Presence of symptoms (HA,
Assessment of volume ... #Hypovolemic #Euvolemic
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
Hypovolemic - Give volume ... nephrotic syndrome) Euvolemic ... 200 - Inadequate Solute
POCUS Echocardiogram Volume Assessment

Echo provides increased accuracy and insight into volume state assessment. This grid illustrates
Echocardiogram Volume ... and insight into volume ... 2 extremes of volume ... heart Optimal volume ... recent echo while euvolemic
Hyponatremia (<135 mEq/L) is a common electrolyte abnormality caused by an excess of total body water
of the plasma volume ... hypovolemic, and euvolemic ... based on volume ... intravascular volume ... elevated with volume