35 results
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
• Evidence of glomerular ... proteinuria, RBC casts ... → Refer to Nephrology ... biopsy • Risk factors ... if cause not identified
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN) 
 - Loss of kidney function over a short period of tirne
with evidence of glomerular ... immune deposits in glomeruli ... autoAb against type ... Glomerulonephritis #RPGN #Classification ... Differential #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
Glomerular Diseases ... RBC casts in urine ... diabetes)) #Glomerular ... Nephrotic #Syndromes #Classification ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
the patient have glomerular ... hematuria (RBC casts ... Nephrotic #Syndrome #Comparison ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease 

24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
and HIV (if risk factors ... infections are common causes ... Rheumatoid factor ... cryoglobulinemias (types ... nephrotic #nephritic #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration
 • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 • Liver failure
Kidney Injury - Classification ... - TTP/HUS • Glomerular ... tubular necrosis (causes ... Kidney #Injury #Classification ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
red - cells Non-glomerular ... Dysmorphic red cells - Glomerular ... Diagnostic of glomerular ... - Any type of renal ... key #diagnosis #nephrology
Patient factors influencing the selection Of glucose-lowering drugs Other than SGLT2i and metformin in T2D and
Patient factors ... eGFR. estimated glomerular ... sulfonylurea; T2D. type ... type 2 diabetes; ... in CKD #management
Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA)  Type 1 

Totally scuppers the kidney's acidification mechanism. Will be
Acidosis (RTA) Type ... ThePeanutKidney #RTA #Type1 ... Distal #Diagnosis #Management ... #Nephrology #Causes
Aortic Dissection - Diagnosis and Management Summary
 • HPI: sudden onset, "tearing" chest pain, radiation to
Diagnosis and Management ... symptoms • Risk Factors ... Dissection protocol • Classification ... : - Type A ... aorta) - Type