738 results
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Pathophysiology: Triggering factor (infection,...)→Activation of CD8 T cells (IFN-y) → Excessive activation of macrophages
Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH ... dysfunction, ↑ Ferritin ... • Autoimmune diseases ... Adult-onset Still disease ... Drugs, Unknown cause
Diagnostic Schema for Hyperferritinemia

Pearl: Diseases associated with extreme elevations: 
1. HLH 
2. Still's disease 
3. Systemic
Hyperferritinemia Pearl: Diseases ... HLH 2. ... Still's disease ... histoplasmosis #Ferritin
Causes of Hyperferritinemia - Differential Diagnosis
Ferritin > 1000
Ferritin is the storage form of iron. Increased hepcidin
Causes of Hyperferritinemia ... > 1000 Ferritin ... Ferritin > 1000 ... HLH or Adult Onset ... In adults, HLH is
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Clinical Features: Fever, Splenomegaly, Hepatomegaly, Lymphadenopathy, Confusion
Classic lab findings in HLH: ↑↑ ferritin, Anemia,
Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH ... lab findings in HLH ... : ↑↑ ferritin, Anemia ... consistent with HLH ... cell lines) • ↑ ferritin
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Definition: Overwhelming clinical syndrome associated with excessive macrophage activation and cytokine storm due to
Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH ... age, however the disease ... / Diagnosis: HLH ... cell activity • Ferritin ... If no response HLH
Eosinophils (Eos) and hypereosinophilia (HE)
Caused by eosinophilopoietic cytokines
Common causes:
 - Drug reaction
 - Helminth infection
 -
hypereosinophilia (HE) Caused ... cytokines Common causes ... Rare causes: ... , IgG4-related disease ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes
Macrophage Activation Syndrome (MAS)
Classified among the secondary or acquired forms of haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (sHLH)

What?
A subset of
lymphohistiocytosis (HLH ... highly inflammatory disease ... of underlying disease ... hypersensitivity syndromes • HLH ... dehydrogenase • ↑ Ferritin
Causes of Anemia with Low Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased Heme Synthesis or
Causes of Anemia ... Globin Synthesis Ferritin ... Deficiency (Eg Causes ... Dietary Deficiency) Ferritin ... Inflammation Ferritin
Uveitis - Definition, Causes and SUN Classification

Inflammation of the iris, ciliary body, vitreous, retina and/or choroid
Incidence
- Definition, Causes ... inhabitants 3rd leading cause ... retinal ischemia Causes ... Inflammatory : HLA ... TerrierBen #Uveitis #Causes
Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure
Pathophysiology:
Chronic heart failure leads to an increase in inflammatory cytokines → Inflammation
→ Inflammation causes ... Diagnosis: Ferritin ... absolute ID) OR Ferritin ... endpoint of all-cause