238 results
Cardiorenal Syndromes (CRS) - Classification

Cardiorenal syndromes (CRS) define a broad scope of disorders of the heart
Cardiorenal Syndromes ... whereby acute or chronic ... dysfunction of ... induce acute or chronic ... dysfunction of
Wernicke Encephalopathy - Acute B1 (Thiamine) Deficiency - Diagnosis and Management
Diagnosis - Caine Criteria (2 of
Diagnosis and Management ... • Oculomotor dysfunctions ... • Cerebellar dysfunction ... • Chronic alcoholism ... development of Korsakoff syndrome
Management of Abdominal Distension and Bloating - Treatment Algorithm

Definitions
Pathophysiology
Organic/Pathologic Etiologies:
 • Small Intestinal Bowel Overgrowth (SIBO)
Management of Abdominal ... Gastroparesis • Chronic ... Irritable Bowel Syndrome ... • Pelvic Floor Dysfunction ... Distension #Bloating #Management
Causes of Chronic Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pericardial
 • Effusion
 • Cardiac Tamponade*
 • Constriction
Myocardial
 •
Causes of Chronic ... Dyspnea - Differential ... Myocardial • Systolic Dysfunction ... • Diastolic Dysfunction ... Acute Coronary Syndrome
Causes of Severe Aortic Regurgitation - Differential Diagnosis
Acute:
 • Leaflet: Traumatic Rupture, Acute Infective Endocarditis, Acute
Regurgitation - Differential ... Prosthetic Valve Dysfunction ... Injury to Root Chronic ... Chronic - Aorta ... Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
GI losses - Chronic ... renal tubular dysfunction ... - Gitelman syndrome ... - Hungry bones syndrome ... Hypomagnesemia #Differential
Causes of Adrenal Insufficiency - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Autoimmune:
 • Isolated
 • Polyglandular autoimmune syndrome 1
 •
Insufficiency - Differential ... Polyglandular autoimmune syndrome ... Polyglandular autoimrnune syndrome ... • Pituitary dysfunction ... • Hypothalamic dysfunction
Korsakoff Syndrome
Clinical Findings:
 • Confabulation: Usually initial phase of the disease
 • Anterograde amnesia: Memory impairment
Korsakoff Syndrome ... other cognitive dysfunction ... Chronic presentation ... Therefore, Korsakoff Syndrome ... neudrawlogy #Korsakoff #Syndrome
Algorithm for the Evaluation of Chronic Diarrhea (< 7 days)
Exclude:
1. Causes of acute diarrhea
2. Lactose intolerance
3.
Evaluation of Chronic ... Irritable bowel syndrome ... 1000 g/24 h) #Chronic ... #Diarrhea #management ... workup #diagnosis #differential
Chronic Abdominal Pain Causes - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Many patients with chronic abdominal pain have had prior
Pain Causes - Differential ... Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction ... • Budd-Chiari syndrome ... Irritable bowel syndrome ... #Causes #Differential