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The fourth pattern includes abnormalities that result in decreased lung attenuation or air-filled lesions.
These include:
- Emphysema
-
- Emphysema - Lung ... on the basis of HRCT ... #Diagnosis #Radiology ... #Pulmonary #CTChest ... LowAttenuation #Differential
Upper lung zone preference is seen in:
- Inhaled particles: pneumoconiosis (silica or coal)
- Smoking related diseases
Upper lung zone ... bronchiolitis (RB-ILD ... edema #Diagnosis #Radiology ... #Pulmonary #HRCT ... #ChestCT #Differential
Figure 3 HRCT-LUS correlation in normal lung, pulmonary congestion, rheumatoid lung disease, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
Notes: (A)
Figure 3 HRCT-LUS ... fibrosis. ... bronchiectasis, and honeycombing ... Clinical #Diagnosis #HRCT ... #Table #ILD #Findings
Interstitial Lung Diseases (ILD)
Exposure-Related ILD (a.k.a. extrinsic allergic alveolitis): 
 • Hypersensitivity pneumonitis, Farmer's lung, Bird
ILD caused by inhalation ... • Idiopathic pulmonary ... fibrosis (IPF), ... #diagnosis #differential ... #pulmonary #causes
UIP
UIP is a histologic pattern of pulmonary fibrosis.
On a chest X-ray UIP manifests as a reticular
histologic pattern of pulmonary ... fibrosis. ... On a chest X-ray ... A HRCT is needed ... #Clinical #Radiology
Differential diagnosis on HRCT
Most of our knowledge about imaging findings in interstitial lung disease comes from
Differential diagnosis ... in interstitial lung ... histiocytosis or honeycombing ... #Diagnosis #Radiology ... #Pulmonary #CXR
High-Res Chest CT Patterns - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Reticular:
 • Septal Thickening: Lymphangitic Carcinoma, Interstitial Edema, Alveolar
High-Res Chest CT ... Patterns - Differential ... Silicosis • Honeycombing ... HiRes #HighRes #Chest ... #radiology
The idiopathic interstitial pneumonias (IIPs) comprise a heterogenous group of disorders. 
They represent fundamental responses of
indicates unknown cause ... combinations of fibrosis ... morphologic findings on HRCT ... #Diagnosis #Radiology ... #Pulmonary #CTChest
UIP with honeycombing (left) and chronic HP (right)
Differential diagnosis of Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis.
Subacute stage:
- RB-ILD: seen in
UIP with honeycombing ... chronic HP (right) Differential ... show very similar HRCT ... throughout the whole lung ... Clinical #Diagnosis #Radiology
Causes of Interstitial Lung Disease - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonia
 • (UIP) Usual Interstitial Pneumonia
Causes of Interstitial ... Differential Diagnosis ... Interstitial Pneumonia - fibrosis ... #Diseases #ILD ... #Causes #Differential