44 results
Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Cardiovascular Causes of Dyspnea:
 • Myocardium:
	- Heart failure
	- CAD/ACS
	- Valvulopathy
 • Electrical:
	-
Causes of Dyspnea ... • Parenchyma: ILD ... Chest Wall: - ... Obesity - Flail chest ... #pulmonary
Venn Diagram - Does this patient have pneumonia?
Diagnosis is generally based on three lines of evidence:
evidence of a chest ... infiltrate (e.g., CXR ... , CT, ultrasound ... symptoms (e.g., dyspnea ... production, pleuritic chest
Causes of Chronic Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pericardial
 • Effusion
 • Cardiac Tamponade*
 • Constriction
Myocardial
 •
Dyspnea - Differential ... Chest Wall Abnormalities ... Interstitium • ILD ... Acidosis #Chronic #Dyspnea ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Flail Chest Breathing on Physical Exam
74 year-old male, fallen over in the garden. Four rib fractures.
Flail Chest Breathing ... shows a flail chest ... fractures missed by CXR ... , so use CT to identify ... rob_cosentini #Flail #Chest
Flail Chest Breathing on Physical Exam
74 year-old male, fallen over in the garden. Four rib fractures.
Flail Chest Breathing ... shows a flail chest ... fractures missed by CXR ... , so use CT to identify ... rob_cosentini #Flail #Chest
Chronic Cough - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Red Flags:
 • Fever, night sweats, chills (infection)
 • Weight loss,
i.e. cancer) • Dyspnea ... lymadenopathy, clubbing, chest ... ) • Abnormal CXR ... refer + order CT ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Pulmonary Hypertension Groups - WHO Classification
Group I - Vascular remodeling of pulmonary arteries
 • Idiopathic, HIV,
hypoxemia • COPD, ILD ... activity worsens dyspnea ... , fatigue, or chest ... markedly limited by dyspnea ... , fatigue, chest
Diagnostic algorithm for a child or adolescent with suspected pulmonary hypertension. CHD, congenital heart disease; CPET,
with suspected pulmonary ... hypertension; CXR ... , chest X-ray; HPAH ... bronchopulmonary dysplasia; CLD ... liver function test
Bronchiectasis - Summary

What?
• Bronchiectasis is derived from the Greek words bronckos meaning airway and ectasis meaning
• Hypoxia • Dyspnea ... Loss of weight • Chest ... : • Cystic fibrosis ... high-resolution chest ... CT) • Broncho-arterial
Pulmonary Renal Syndrome

Definition: Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage + Glomerulonephritis
Presentation (Pulmonary and renal manifestations can occur weeks apart):
apart): Cough, Dyspnea ... , anti-CCP • CXR ... high resolution chest ... CT • Bronchoscopy ... , biopsy By Tess