16 results
Characteristic clinical manifestations of Down syndrome 
 
Typical craniofacial appearance 
 • Round face and flat
manifestations of Down syndrome ... • Brushfield spots ... incurved fifth finger ... #Downs #Syndrome ... PhysicalExam #Features #Signs
Patellofemoral Syndrome - Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Knee Pain with possible symptoms of 'catching'
Patellofemoral Syndrome ... findings • Anterior Knee ... Patellofemoral #Syndrome ... #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #signs
CREST Syndrome: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

CALCINOSIS (BB-sized, hard nodules in fingers)
RAYNAUD'S Phenomenon
ESOPHAGEAL DYSMOTILITY
SCLERODACTYLY (thickening and tightening
CREST Syndrome: ... hard nodules in fingers ... MTPs) #CREST #Syndrome ... #Pathophysiology ... #Diagnosis #Signs
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... K-ATPase which imports ... - Refeeding Syndrome ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... potassium #low #pathophysiology
Pathyophysiology - hyperglycemic crises in patients with diabetes 
Key signs/symptoms of HHS/DKA:
Both: Polyuria, polydipsia, weight loss,
Pathyophysiology ... diabetes Key signs ... hypotension) DKA: Short ... respirations HHS: Longer
Prader-Willi Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Maternal uniparental disomy: inheriting 2 copies of maternal chromosome
Prader-Willi Syndrome ... =>Prader-Willi Syndrome ... Signs/Symptoms ... fractures • Short ... #genetics #pathophysiology
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
lesions in the inner ... -> Cotton-wool Spots ... -> Elschnig's Spots ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... ophthalmology #diagnosis #signs
Nail Pathologies - Findings in or Near Nails

Paronychia 

A superficial infection of the proximal and lateral
pulp space of the finger ... Clubbing of the Fingers ... Spots in the pattern ... seen in Reiter's syndrome ... Diagnosis #Clinical #Signs
Mechanisms of Pain
Mixed - Nociceptive/Neuropathic
Nociceptive - Tissue Damage
 - Visceral - (From organ/cavity lining) Poorly localized,
Well-localized, sharp, short ... well-localized, dull, longer ... regional pain syndrome ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
Guillain-Barre Syndrome ... Guillain-Barre Pathophysiology ... • Weakness: Starts ... death Miller Fisher ... associated with Miller Fisher