54 results
Patterns of pulmonary dysfunction revealed by flow-volume loops. For comparison, a normal loop is shown with
dysfunction revealed by flow-volume ... loops. ... a normal loop is ... PFTs #Spirometry #FlowVolume ... #Loops #Patterns
Pulmonary Function Testing: Flow Volume Loop Patterns
 • Variable extra-thoracic obstruction - truncated or flattened inspiratory
Function Testing: Flow ... Volume Loop Patterns ... the expiratory flow ... nickmmark #FlowVolume ... #Loops #pulmonary
Flow Volume Loops - Common Patterns
A. Normal
B. Emphysema
C. Unilateral Main Stem Bronchial Obstruction
D. Fixed Upper Airway
Flow Volume Loops ... PFTs #Spirometry #FlowVolume ... #Loops #Patterns
Pharmacology of diuretics

Acetazolamide, Loop diuretics, Thiazide‐like diuretics, MRA, Amiloride

Site of Action, Maximum Dose, Half-Life, Onset, Bioavailability,
Acetazolamide, Loop ... #Pharmacology #Comparison ... #Table #HalfLife ... #Dosing #Loop #
Diuretic Electrolyte Excretion Effects 
Diuresis, Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Cl-, HCO3-, Uric Acid
 - Thiazide Type
Thiazide Type - Loop ... #pharmacology #comparison ... #table
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Normal Acid-Base: Low ... • HTN Absent: Loop ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
Causes of Metabolic ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Diuretics (loop ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes
Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI LOSS - FeMg < 2-2.5% or 24h Urine Mg
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Urine Mg > 10g • Loop ... Hypomagnesemia #Magnesium #Low ... #Causes #Differential
Cardiac Event Monitors
 • Holter Monitor - Records every heart beat for 24-48 hours
 • Loop/Event
24-48 hours • Loop ... • Implantable Loop ... telemetry #devices #comparison ... #table
Etiologies of Hypoaldosteronism

Hyporeninemic Hypoaldosteronism (Low Renin, Low Aldosterone)
 - Diabetic Nephropathy 
 - NSAIDs
Non-Hyporeninemic Hypoaldosteronism (Normal
Hypoaldosteronism (Low ... Renin, Low Aldosterone ... or High Renin, Low ... #Aldosterone #Comparison ... #Table #Causes