15 results
Patterns of pulmonary dysfunction revealed by flow-volume loops. For comparison, a normal loop is shown with
by flow-volume loops ... For comparison, ... a normal loop is ... PFTs #Spirometry #FlowVolume ... #Loops #Patterns
Pharmacology of diuretics

Acetazolamide, Loop diuretics, Thiazide‐like diuretics, MRA, Amiloride

Site of Action, Maximum Dose, Half-Life, Onset, Bioavailability,
Acetazolamide, Loop ... #Pharmacology #Comparison ... #Table #HalfLife ... #Dosing #Loop #
Diuretic Electrolyte Excretion Effects 
Diuresis, Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Cl-, HCO3-, Uric Acid
 - Thiazide Type
Thiazide Type - Loop ... #pharmacology #comparison ... #table
Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI LOSS - FeMg < 2-2.5% or 24h Urine Mg
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Urine Mg > 10g • Loop ... Diuretics • Hypercalcemia-PTH ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Cardiac Event Monitors
 • Holter Monitor - Records every heart beat for 24-48 hours
 • Loop/Event
24-48 hours • Loop ... • Implantable Loop ... telemetry #devices #comparison ... #table
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Medications - Loop ... abnormalities - Hypercalcemia ... Low #Magnesium #Table
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
• LDH ↑ • Hyperkalemia ... Hyperphosphatemia • Hypocalcemia ... /Late - Hypercalcemia ... per day until stable ... Loop diuretics for
Treatment algorithm for malignancy-associated hypercalcemia.
Hypercalcemia
 - Renal Failure → Dialysis with low Ca++ bath
Aggressive IV hydration
Treatment algorithm ... malignancy-associated hypercalcemia ... Hypercalcemia - ... Volume Overload → Loop ... #Treatment #algorithm
Treatment algorithm for malignancy-associated hypercalcemia
 • Aggressive IV hydration
 • IV Bisphosphonate +/- Calcitonin
 • Renal
Treatment algorithm ... malignancy-associated hypercalcemia ... Volume overload: Loop ... Denosumab #hypercalcemia ... treatment #management #algorithm
Hypernatremia Classification and Features According to Volume Status
 - Hypervolemic hypernatremia - Cushing's syndrome, Primary hyperaldosteronism,
Osmotic diuretic, Loop ... Features #Diagnosis #Comparison ... #Table #Nephrology