10 results
Patterns of pulmonary dysfunction revealed by flow-volume loops. For comparison, a normal loop is shown with
For comparison, ... a normal loop is ... #Diagnosis #PFTs ... #Spirometry #FlowVolume ... #Normal #pulmonary
Asthma vs COPD Presentation and Diagnosis
Asthma:
 • Epidemiology: Age usually < 45, History (personal or family)
Presentation and Diagnosis ... spirometry - FEV1 ... spirometry - FEV1 ... #Asthma #COPD #comparison ... #Diagnosis #pulmonary
Forced vital capacity (FVC) curves comparing normal, obstructive, and restrictive disorders. Curves are as they appear
curves comparing normal ... #Diagnosis #Pulmonary ... #Spirometry #FVC ... #Restrictive #Normal ... #Comparison
Asthma
Chronic lung disease characterized by airway inflammation, airway and variable expiratory air flow obstruction
There are 2
obstruction: • FEV1 ... 0.70 or lower • FEV1 ... lower limit of normal ... Reversibility on spirometry ... PulmPEEPs #Asthma #diagnosis
Flow Volume Loops - Common Patterns
A. Normal
B. Emphysema
C. Unilateral Main Stem Bronchial Obstruction
D. Fixed Upper Airway
Normal B. ... Neuromuscular Weakness #Diagnosis ... #PFTs #Spirometry ... #FlowVolume #Loops
Pulmonary Function Testing: Flow Volume Loop Patterns
 • Variable extra-thoracic obstruction - truncated or flattened inspiratory
Pulmonary Function ... and persevered FEV1 ... flow with reduced FEV1 ... nickmmark #FlowVolume ... PFTs #patterns #diagnosis
CHA2DS2VASc vs HAS-BLED scores for stroke risk and bleed risk on anticoagulation

C	Congestive Heart Failure	1

H	Hypertension	1

A2	Age >75	2

D	Diabetes Mellitus	1

S2	Stroke,
hypertension 1 A Abnormal ... renal/liver function ... CHADS2VASc #HASBLED #Comparison ... Anticoagulation #AFib #Diagnosis
The 4 Variants of Sinus Arrhythmia
Phasic Sinus Arrhythmia:
 • The rate increases with respiration and decreases
PR interval are normal ... physiological function ... Arrhythmia #cardiology #diagnosis ... variants #clinical #comparison
Amyloidosis Diagnosis
1) Patient presentation
 • Cardiac-specific signs of amyloidosis: Diastolic heart failure, Heart failure with preserved
Amyloidosis Diagnosis ... preserved ejection fraction ... to 3 based on comparison ... monoclonal protein, Abnormal ... #Amyloidosis #Diagnosis
The 4 Variants of Sinus Arrhythmia
Phasic Sinus Arrhythmia:
 • The rate increases with respiration and decreases
PR interval are normal ... physiological function ... Arrhythmia #cardiology #diagnosis ... variants #clinical #comparison