6 results
Patterns of pulmonary dysfunction revealed by flow-volume loops. For comparison, a normal loop is shown with
Patterns of pulmonary ... comparison, a normal ... Diagnosis #PFTs #Spirometry ... #FlowVolume #Loops ... #Normal #pulmonary
Flow Volume Loops - Common Patterns
A. Normal
B. Emphysema
C. Unilateral Main Stem Bronchial Obstruction
D. Fixed Upper Airway
Flow Volume Loops ... - Common Patterns ... Normal B. ... Diagnosis #PFTs #Spirometry ... #FlowVolume #Loops
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Extra-renal Losses: • Normal ... High Aldosterone: Malignant ... secreting tumor, Primary ... • HTN Absent: Loop ... #causes #potassium
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
High Al, Low R - Primary ... Hyperaldosteronism: malignant ... Hyperplasia • Normal ... Al, Normal R - ... #causes #low #potassium
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... treated with IV potassium ... mEq/g suggests urinary ... ↑ Aldosterone: Malignant ... consumption • Low/Normal
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary ... Chloride Algorithm ... Remote use of loop ... of sodium and potassium ... Chloride #urine #Algorithm