9 results
Risk Factors and Signs of Copper Deficiency
Risk Factors:
 • Gastrointestinal: Previous upper bowel resection/bariatric surgery, Inflammatory
Signs of Copper Deficiency ... diarrhoea, Short bowel syndrome ... of copper-rich foods ... Haematological: Anaemia ... #diagnosis #signs
Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis

Congenital Diseases:
• GATA2 deficiency
• Fanconi’s anemia
• Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
• Ribosomopathy or telomeropathy

Cancer:
• Leukemia
• Lymphoma

Inflammatory
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Fanconi’s anemia ... Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome ... Antibody-mediated hemolysis Nutritional ... #Hematology
Clinically Important Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency States
Fat-soluble Vitamins: 
 • Vitamin A - Xerophthalmia, night blindness,
Clinically Important ... Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency ... Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome ... #differential #diagnosis ... signs #symptoms #nutrition
Aplastic Anemia - Overview

Who?
• M = F
• 3 peaks:	1) Childhood	2) 15-25 years	3) >60 years

What?
• Aplastic anemia
Clinical Presentation ... , GATA2 deficiency ... , CTLA4 deficiency ... #oncology #hematology ... #diagnosis #management
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) Deficiency
Etiology:
 • Vit B12 - aka cobalamin. Present in foods derived from animal
B12 (Cobalamin) Deficiency ... Present in foods ... intrinsic factor, IF) Clinical ... #diagnosis #management ... #nutrition
Clinical Features of Systemic Lupus (SLE)
General: Fever (50%), Depression, Fatigue (75%), Weight loss (50%)
Eye: Sjögrens (15%)
Skin
Clinical Features ... Demyelinating syndromes ... valve lesions Abdominal ... ) Blood (75%): Anemia ... #rheumatology
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
• Aplastic Anemia ... Platelet Disorders • Nutritional ... or folic acid deficiency ... treatments • Copper deficiency ... #diagnosis #hematology
SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus)

Suspect:
Clinical evidence of (fatigue, rash, photosensitivity, inflammatory arthritis, weight loss, and fever) and
) Suspect: Clinical ... disease • Prolidase deficiency ... spares nasolabial folds ... lymphopenia, low PLT • Anemia ... #Rheumatology
Etiologies of Vitamin B12 Deficiency
 • Inadequate intake - Rare but seen in very strict vegans
autoantibodies (pernicious anemia ... insufficiency, blind loops syndromes ... malabsorption syndromes ... #differential #diagnosis ... #hematology #nutrition