35 results
Risk Factors and Signs of Copper Deficiency
Risk Factors:
 • Gastrointestinal: Previous upper bowel resection/bariatric surgery, Inflammatory
Signs of Copper Deficiency ... dental fixatives, Treatment ... of copper-rich foods ... drkeithsiau #Copper #Deficiency ... #diagnosis #signs
Causes of Iron Deficiency
 • Inadequate Intake: Vegetarian/vegan diet, Malnutrition
 • Increased Body Needs: Infants/preschoolers, Pregnancy,
Causes of Iron Deficiency ... Pregnancy, EPO treatment ... cancer) #Iron #Deficiency ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #nutrition
Refeeding Syndrome Overview

What Is It?
	• Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
initiation of nutrition ... severe clinical ... hyperparathyroidism Treatment ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Pathophysiology
Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure
Pathophysiology:
Chronic heart failure leads to an increase in inflammatory cytokines → Inflammation
Iron Deficiency ... Heart Failure Pathophysiology ... → Inflammation causes ... functional ID) Treatment ... endpoint of all-cause
Scurvy (Vitamin C Deficiency) - Diagnosis and Management

Vitamin C is required for hydroxylation of proline residues
) - Diagnosis and ... Clinical Presentation ... , or any other cause ... vasculitis Treatment ... #Nutrition #Diagnosis
Thiamine Deficiency - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Clinical Manifestations

Causes of Thiamine Deficiency:
 • Poor intake:
	- Diets
- Differential Diagnosis ... Framework and Clinical ... Manifestations Causes ... syndromes #beriberi #nutrition ... #pathophysiology
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) Deficiency
Etiology:
 • Vit B12 - aka cobalamin. Present in foods derived from animal
Present in foods ... • Common Causes ... intrinsic factor, IF) Clinical ... Check for IF ab Treatment ... #nutrition
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Pathophysiology: Triggering factor (infection,...)→Activation of CD8 T cells (IFN-y) → Excessive activation of macrophages
Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) Pathophysiology ... accumulation of clinical ... Assessment • Clinical ... Cellular immune deficiency ... Treatment: •
Bullous Pemphigoid - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Pathophysiology: Autoantibody-mediated damage to epithelial basement membrane -> separation of
Bullous Pemphigoid - Diagnosis ... Management Summary Pathophysiology ... epidermis from dermis Clinical ... axillary and inguinal folds ... - Erosions and crusts
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
Phosphatase Of Clinical ... Most cases diagnosed ... • Vitamin C deficiency ... collection with EDTA Pathophysiology ... Phosphatase: • Other causes