32 results
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome:
 - Acute poststreptococcal 
glomerulonephritis 
 - Rapidly progressive
poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis ... Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis ... #Classification ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis ... Recommended Text: Nephrology
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
and Nephrotic Syndromes ... RBC casts in urine ... but in severe cases ... #Classification ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
Nephritic vs Nephrotic ... hematuria (RBC casts ... dysmorphic RBCs in urine ... #Nephritic #Nephrotic ... Comparison #Algorithm #Nephrology
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
and concentrated urine ... Red blood cell - Glomerulonephritis ... tubulointerstitial nephritis ... tuberculosis Fatty - Nephrotic ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Red blood cells on urine microscopy. Must exclude false positives
Causes of Hematuria ... blood cells on urine ... • Hereditary nephritis ... and >3.5g/day (nephrotic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
dipstick, urine ... osmolarity If cause ... and signs • Glomerulonephritis ... • Interstitial nephritis ... #causes
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration
 • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 • Liver failure
Kidney Injury - Classification ... Post-infectious glomerulonephritis ... tubular necrosis (causes ... Acute interstitial nephritis ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
membrane; GN = glomerulonephritis ... arbitrarily defined as urine ... urine sediment ... Nephrocalcinosis causes ... #syndrome #nephrology
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Urine Microscopy ... suggestive of nephrotic ... suggestive of glomerulonephritis ... #Urine #Microscopy ... #nephrology #interpretation
Orthopedic Essentials - Spinal Trauma and Spine Classification 
DENIS THREE COLUMN CONCEPT
Anterior column:
Trauma and Spine Classification ... capsule DENIS CLASSIFICATION ... : Don't cause spinal ... deformity or neurologic ... Trauma #Spine #Classification