12 results
Orthopedic Essentials - Spinal Trauma and Spine Classification 
DENIS THREE COLUMN CONCEPT
Anterior column:
: Don't cause spinal ... deformity or neurologic ... 2 Complete cord ... injury 3 Cauda ... #Orthopedics #diagnosis
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
other forms of trauma ... Vertebral burst fracture ... involvement Cauda ... #differential #diagnosis ... #neurology
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
disturbance • Bladder ... - Emergency Causes ... neoplasms • trauma ... : • Spinal cord ... #causes #neurology
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
- Differential Diagnosis ... Lower roots -> Cauda ... compression by fractured ... Causes: 1. ... #neurology #differential
Causes of Neuromuscular Weakness
 • Spinal Cord: Demyelinating Disease (MS), Epidural abscess, Infarction, Syringomyelia, Tetanus, Transverse
Weakness • Spinal Cord ... Transverse Myelitis, Trauma ... Motor Nerves: ALS ... #differential #diagnosis ... #neurology
Lower Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Reflexes: 
 • Knee - L2, L3, L4
 • Ankle - S1
Conditions: • Cauda ... Commonly caused ... fibular fracture ... Dermatomes #Myotomes #diagnosis ... #neurology #sensory
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
, and bowel or bladder ... Autonomic: Bowel/Bladder ... bouts of HTN Diagnostic ... • Infectious causes ... #management #neurology
Orthopedic Emergencies
Compartment Syndrome
 • An increase in compartment pressure to the point where tissue perfusion is
- Remove all ... Syndrome • Syndrome caused ... • Diagnosis: ... H/O antecedent trauma ... loss of spinal cord
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
multiple spinal cord ... - Causes progressive ... Escorial criteria uses ... Lateral #Sclerosis #neurology ... #diagnosis #management
Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS)
Acute autoimmune demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: 1
Incidence: 1 to 2 cases ... Meningococcal), surgery, trauma ... bulbar muscles DIAGNOSIS ... nerve roots and cauda ... #management #neurology