10 results
Leg Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Bone/Joint Causes of Leg Pain:
 • Fracture
 • Arthritis
 • Gout/pseudogout
Fracture • Arthritis ... pseudogout • Trauma ... Red Flags: • Trauma ... lower #extremity #msk ... #physicalexam
Log Roll for Femoral Fracture

With the patient supine a femoral log roll, internally and externally rotating
Fracture With ... roll, internally and ... #PhysicalExam # ... video #sports #msk ... #orthopedics #Trauma
Lower Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Reflexes: 
 • Knee - L2, L3, L4
 • Ankle - S1
bilateral leg paresis ... Commonly caused ... such as fibular fracture ... Myotomes #diagnosis #neurology ... #physicalexam
Trendelenburg Gait: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Skeletal Pathology of the Hip
 • Arthritis
 • Congenital hip dysplasia
Chondrodysplasia Neurologic ... Poliomyelitis Activity/ Trauma ... Greater Trochanter Fracture ... pathophysiology #causes ... signs #diagnosis #msk
Stridor - Differential Diagnosis Framework:
High-pitched, variable respiratory sound

ETIOLOGIES:
Infectious:
 • Retropharyngeal abscess
 • Acute epiglottitis
 • Peritonsillar
Ludwig's angina Trauma ... Mechanical: • Larynx fracture ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #pulmonary #airway ... #physicalexam
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
result in permanent neurologic ... other forms of trauma ... Vertebral burst fracture ... herniation - Trauma ... multiradicular pain - Leg
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
arthralgia, arm/leg ... affects the skin, neurologic ... gray matter changes ... often causes arthritis ... purpura (lower legs
Posterior Knee Dislocation Injury
Specifically, POSTERIOR KNEE DISLOCATIONS can have significant associated injury that needs unique approach
DISLOCATION: ~25% cases ... Neurologic deficit ... Neurologic injuries ... Consider trauma/ ... Posterior #Injury #msk
Authors: Mark M. Ramzy, DO, EMT-P (@MarkRamzyDO, EM Resident Physician, Drexel University, Department of Emergency Medicine)
suffered no head trauma ... arise from blunt trauma ... following chest trauma ... Pulmonary Contusion ... Most commonly caused
Causes of Myoclonus - Differential Diagnosis
LOCALIZATION:
 • Cortical: Focal/multifocal: Distal UL+ Face, Action/sensitive induced
 • Sub-Cortical:
Causes of Myoclonus ... , post stroke, trauma ... Inflammatory (MS ... hepatic, septic, pulmonary ... #neurology