4190 results
Approach to Hypomagnesemia 

Fractional excretion of magnesium = (urine magnesium x serum creatinine)/ [0.7 (serum magnesium
loss if renal function ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #magnesium
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Diagnosis Algorithm Cause ... intoxication Cause ... transport, renal function ... Gastrointestinal function ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology
Causes of Chronic Kidney Disease - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased kidney function (eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2)
Causes of Chronic ... Decreased kidney function ... Sterile pyuria, WBC casts ... KidneyDisease #Nephrology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
NSAID vs ACEI/ARB effects on the Kidneys

Remember that NSAIDs and ACEI/ARB therapy have opposing effects on
NSAIDs cause vasoconstriction ... normal kidney function ... use shouldn't cause ... ACEIARB #Effects #Nephrology
Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS)

Definition:
• Functional, potentially reversible kidney impairment.
• Occurs in advanced liver disease: cirrhosis, severe alcoholic
Definition: • Functional ... • Caused by splanchnic ... • Tubular function ... Exclude other AKI causes ... Syndrome #Hepatology #Nephrology
Critical and Emergent Causes of Neuromuscular Weakness
CRITICAL DIAGNOSES 
 - Cerebral cortex or subcortical 
 -
Critical and Emergent Causes ... Neuromuscular junction ... #Differential #Neurology ... #Causes #Diagnosis
Oropharyngeal and Esophageal Causes of Dysphagia - Differential Diagnosis
Oropharyngeal Dysphagia
 • Neuromuscular causes: CVA/CNS tumor/ALS, Parkinson's,
and Esophageal Causes ... Neuromuscular causes ... Non-relaxation of EG junction ... Achalasia, EG junction ... sclerosis - Functional
Causes of Hyperkalemia

Hyperkalemia is caused by excess potassium intake, impaired potassium excretion, or transcellular shifts. The
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Hyperkalemia is caused ... impaired renal function ... rarely the sole cause ... #Differential #Causes
Effects of hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism on renal physiology and function

#hyperthyroidism #hypothyroidism #renal #physiology #comparison #effects #nephrology
physiology and function ... comparison #effects #nephrology
Features of localised cerebral lesions

#cerebral #lesions #localization #brain #neurology #function #deficits #lobes
localization #brain #neurology ... #function #deficits