11 results
Causes of False Elevation and Reduction in HbA1c

== False Elevation ==
Decreased RBC turnover 
• Iron, B-12,
Causes of False ... • Asplenia Laboratory ... RBC turnover • Acute ... HbA1c #HgbA1c #Laboratory ... Diagnosis #DM2 #Differential
Acute Retroviral Syndrome
Acute Retroviral Syndrome is the symptomatic presentation of acute human immunodeficiency virus infection

 •
Headache (45%) • Fever ... - Liver enzyme elevation ... • Nausea, vomiting ... T-cell count can decrease ... 14%), in which case
Purpura - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Non-blanchable, dark red to purple, hemorrhagic skin lesions that result from leakage
Purpura - Differential ... - APLS • Acute ... Infectious Purpura ... Fragility: • Decreased ... mountain spotted fever
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
Acidosis - Differential ... - assess other laboratory ... muscle use • Decreased ... peritonitis - Acute ... #Differential #
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
spine • MCC- acute ... - Emergency Causes ... toon • Spinal infection ... around the anus Laboratory ... #diagnosis #causes
Bronchiectasis - Summary

What?
• Bronchiectasis is derived from the Greek words bronckos meaning airway and ectasis meaning
run-down or tired • Fevers ... Most Common Causes ... - increase in the ... Bronchoscopy Laboratory ... Bronchiectasis #pulmonary #differential
Elevated Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

LDH is a cytoplasmic enzyme present in tissues throughout
Dehydrogenase (LDH) - Differential ... • Toxins • Infection ... myocarditis, rheumatic fever ... Idiosyncratic LDH Elevation ... #diagnosis #Laboratory
13 Dangerous Causes of Headache:
 - subarachnoid hemorrhage: family history, PCKD, known berry aneurysm, sudden and
13 Dangerous Causes ... coagulopathy, decreased ... : fever, immunocompromise ... or at work) - acute ... Dangerous #Deadly #Differential
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential ... Statins - ETOH - Infection ... Muscle swelling - Fever ... ULN • AST/ALT Elevation ... vasoconstriction → decreased
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
CNS Infections - ... • Headache • Fever ... /L) • Mildly decreased ... Symptoms: • Acute ... meningeal signs (fever