23 results
Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs) - Interpretation Algorithm
 • Normal
 • Pulmonary Hypertension, Anemia, Carboxyhemoglobinemia
 • Chest
Tests (PFTs) - Interpretation ... Algorithm • Normal ... #Pulmonary #FunctionTests ... #PFTs #Interpretation ... #Algorithm #diagnosis
Liver Function Test (LFTs) Elevation
AST - Cardiac and skeletal muscle, kidney, brain
ALT - More specific for
Biliary tree or bile flow ... ALP ≥ 2x ULN R Value ... SinaiBmoreIMRes #Liver #FunctionTest
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
Volume Based Approach ... Cerebral salt wasting ... Hypothyroidism, Low ... #Hyponatremia #algorithm ... #nephrology
True Hyponatremia Differential Algorithm

Instead (or in addition) of volume status examination, check urine sodium and serum
Hyponatremia Differential Algorithm ... in addition) of volume ... - Urine sodium low ... and uric acid low ... #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
than the normal volume-based ... algorithm Urine ... can be high or low ... Cerebral Salt Wasting ... table #sodium #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Volume Depleted ... Gitelman Syndrome Volume ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Nephrology #Causes
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Volume Depleted ... Gitelman Syndrome Volume ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm ... Cerebral salt wasting ... Primary polydipsia, Low ... solute intake, ... diagnosis #sodium #nephrology
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Uric Acid - Low ... Acid → renal salt wasting ... #nephrology #sodium ... #low #uricacid
Adrenal Insufficiency Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical suspicion: Weakness, fatigue, nausea, musculoskeletal pain, dizziness, volume depletion, abdominal pain,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... pain, dizziness, volume ... , hypoglycemia Testing ... Baseline plasma ACTH Low ... insufficiency • Low