9 results
Loss of Consciousness in Syncope - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Syncopal causes:
• Orthostatic syncope
• Reflex syncope
• Cardiac arrhythmia
•
Consciousness in Syncope ... causes: • Orthostatic ... syncopeReflex ... syncope • Cardiac ... Nonsyncopal causes
Syncope - Cerebral hypoperfusion leading to transient lsos of consciousness causing alck of postural tone with
Syncope - Cerebral ... Orthostatic (4-24%) • Reflex ... cause (8-20%) ... • Unclear cause ... (17-37%) Non-Syncope
Syncope is a sudden, transient loss of consciousness, which is thought to be secondary to cerebral
frequently benign causes ... such as reflex ... life-threatening causes ... In many cases, syncope ... depends on the cause
Shock - Differential Diagnosis by Classification
Reflex Syncope 
 - Vasovagal syncope
   • Prolonged standing
Classification Reflex ... Syncope - Vasovagal ... syncope • Prolonged ... bradycardia • Sinus pauses ... Classification #Table #Causes
Syncope - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Reflex Syncope:
• Vasovagal: Prolonged standing, Stress, Pain
• Situational: Coughing, Sneezing, Micturition, Defecation,
Syncope - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework Reflex ... Syncope: • Vasovagal ... bradycardia, Sinus pauses ... Cerebrovascular Syncope
Hip adductor reflex

The adductor reflex is elicited by tapping over either the medial epicondyle of the
Hip adductor reflex ... The adductor reflex ... , which should cause ... of the hip to contract ... Hip #adductor #reflex
Causes of Syncope

NEUROLOGICAL
 - CVA/Stroke
 - Cancer
 - Carotid Stenosis
 - Parkinson’s Disease
 - Psychosis
 -
Causes of Syncope ... Bezold-Jarisch Reflex ... Urination #Syncope ... #Causes #Differential
Palpitations - Differential Diagnosis Framework

What?
• It is an unpleasant awareness or sensation that the heart is
Esophageal spasm • Reflux ... • Bradycardia caused ... NON-CARDIAC CAUSES ... consciousness • Near-syncope ... , or syncope: Hemodynamically
Pathogenesis of Select Causes of Constipation in Adults and in Elderly

 • Mechanical (ex. Bowel Obstruction,
Pathogenesis of Select Causes ... of the colon to contract ... sphincter fail to relax