15 results
diagnosis differential causes management algorithm classification criticalcare hypokalemia overview shock toxicity bacterial bipolar bpd crrt diabetes disorder diuretics excretion framework
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Inadequate water intake: • Lack of access to water Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
fluid loss: • GI ... perspiration Renal ... • Osmotic diuresis ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology ... #sodium #high
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm GI Losses - Gastric • Vomiting • NG suction GI
Diagnosis Algorithm GI ... • NG suction GI ... Chloridorrhea Renal ... tubular transport • Diuretics ... MetabolicAlkalosis #NonGap #Nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
plasma insulin (treatment ... Eating disorders GI ... Villous adenoma Renal ... chewing tobacco, Renal ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide) • Glaucoma • Epilepsy • Altitude
Regulating Renal ... ; High-Ceiling Diuretics ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment ... #Diuresis #Nephrology ... #Pharmacology #
Metformin: Biguanide Metformin is the first-line medication for treatment of type 2 diabetes. It is very effective
Metformin is the ... medication for treatment ... side effects is GI ... attention to patients renal ... #Pharmacology #
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Polyuria - Urine Output > 3L/day, Increased Urine Volume (>2ml/min) Osmotic
/min) Osmotic Diuresis ... Recovery from Acute Renal ... Burns, Steroids], GI ... Bleed) • NaCl ... #Polyuria #Nephrology
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
FEPO4 < 5%: • GI ... FEPO4 ≥ 5% - Renal ... • Normal or High ... Inh., Osmotic diuresis ... Workup #phosphate #nephrology
Shock Overview A state of tissue hypoxia due to decreased or dysregulated oxygen delivery or extraction, resulting
depressed) • Renal ... areas, back of thigh ... RP bleed) • Hypovolemic ... : GI (vomiting/diarrhea ... ), renal (over-diuresis
Shock Overview A state of tissue hypoxia due to decreased or dysregulated oxygen delivery or extraction, resulting
depressed) • Renal ... areas, back of thigh ... RP bleed) • Hypovolemic ... : GI (vomiting/diarrhea ... ), renal (over-diuresis
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Decreased intake (rare cause in isolation) GI loss - Urine loss
in isolation) GI ... contracted • Loop diuretics ... syndrome • Thiazide diuretics ... • Renal artery ... #Hypokalemia #Nephrology
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