10 results
Antinuclear Antibodies (ANA)
ANA or Anti-NucIear Antibody refers to antibodies against antigens in the nucleus → like
Antinuclear Antibodies ... Antibody refers to antibodies ... assay (IFA) is the main ... : Lupus (SLE), Systemic ... ANA #patterns #rheumatology
Hypersensitivity Types and Their Mechanisms
Type I - lgE - Soluble antigen
 - Allergen-specific lgE antibodies bind
Allergen-specific lgE antibodies ... - Local and systemic ... during hemolytic disease ... glomerulonephritis, rheumatoid arthritis ... , and systemic lupus
Macrophage Activation Syndrome (MAS)
Classified among the secondary or acquired forms of haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (sHLH)

What?
A subset of
Macrophage Activation ... • Systemic lupus ... • Fever is the main ... Diagnosis #Management #Hematology ... #Rheumatology
SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus)

Suspect:
Clinical evidence of (fatigue, rash, photosensitivity, inflammatory arthritis, weight loss, and fever) and
SLE (Systemic Lupus ... Non-autoimmune rheumatologic ... • Type-I Interferonopathies ... : • Joint pain ... Chronic B-cell activation
Summary table of types of hypersensitivity reactions. 
Type 1
 - Mediators: lgE
 - Antigen Form: Soluble
Action: IgG/lgM antibodies ... to complement activation ... reaction, Haemolytic disease ... glomerulonephritis, Systemic ... lupus erythematosus
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
rapidly progressing GN ... inflammation Others: • Lupus ... lupus erythematosus ... C-ANCA) pattern: antibodies ... differential #diagnosis #rheumatology
Sjogren's Syndrome Overview

Epidemiology:
• F > M: 9:1
• 5-6th Decades (can be any age)

Autoimmune exocrinopathy multisystemic disease
IV RTA, TYPE I ... Central nervous system ... Membranoproliferative GN ... Arthralgia and Arthritis ... Sjogrens #Syndrome #Rheumatology
Sweet Syndrome

Acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis (Sweets Syndrome) is a skin condition characterized by fever and inflamed
disease. ... Inflammation and pain ... such as certain types ... ’s syndrome - Lupus ... Syndrome #diagnosis #dermatology
Rheumatology Workup - Laboratories Studies in Rheumatic Diseases

• Septic arthritis - Gram stain and culture of
affected joint • Systemic ... lupus erythematosus ... double-stranded DNA antibodies ... Tests for All Types ... , and low back pain
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)

High mortality without prompt recognition and management. HLH is a critical diagnostic consideration in
of the immune system ... Types of HLH • ... ▪ Autoimmune diseases ... inhibitors, anti-IFN-γ antibodies ... Diagnosis #Management #Hematology