11 results
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
or dipstick) Glomerular ... Immune mediated injury ... of Glomerular Bleeding ... of glomerular hematuria ... Suggestive of glomerular
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Acute tubular injury ... red - cells Non-glomerular ... Dysmorphic red cells - Glomerular ... Diagnostic of glomerular ... key #diagnosis #nephrology
Hyperuricemia: Pathogenesis and Complications

 - Hypercalcemia (due to diseases like Sarcoidosis and Hyperparathyroidism) -> Accumulation of
Pathogenesis and Complications ... Hypercalcemia (due to diseases ... nephron -> Decr Glomerular ... -> Release of purine ... Hyperuricemia #Pathophysiology
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
life-threatening diseases ... quantify renal injury ... : UA, Urine protein ... or serologies + symptoms ... hypercellular glomeruli
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Management Summary Causes ... • Other symptoms ... HAGMA • Late complication ... of underlying disease ... #treatment #nephrology
Bronchiectasis - Summary

What?
• Bronchiectasis is derived from the Greek words bronckos meaning airway and ectasis meaning
Chronic inflammation causes ... bronchial wall injury ... inflammation Symptoms ... Nasal polyps and signs ... Complications
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
tract, and often causes ... Vasculitis - Skin, glomeruli ... : - Kidneys: glomerular ... Presentation - Systemic Symptoms ... purpura: strong sign
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
Presentation: Systemic Symptoms ... purpura: Strong sign ... • Kidneys: Non-glomerular ... • Progressive symptoms ... tract, and often causes
Paget’s Disease: Complications
Abnormal Osteoclasts cause excessive bone turnover -> Incr bone resorption, Incr (abnormal) bone formation

MSK
Paget’s Disease: ... Ca2+] load, Incr urine ... PagetsDisease #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #complications
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
monophasic Pathophysiology ... Presentation: Injury ... • Bilateral signs ... and/or symptoms ... diagnosis #management #neurology