21 results
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Uric Acid - Low ... Acid → renal salt wasting ... #nephrology #sodium ... #low #uricacid
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm ... Cerebral salt wasting ... Primary polydipsia, Low ... #Hyponatremia #Algorithm ... #diagnosis #sodium
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... water loss, Serum Sodium ... mannitol, glucosuria Low ... #Causes
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... normal volume-based algorithm ... : SIADH, Renal Sodium ... can be high or low ... Cerebral Salt Wasting
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
Cerebral salt wasting ... Hypothyroidism, Low ... #Hyponatremia #algorithm ... #diagnosis #sodium ... #low #nephrology
Adrenal Insufficiency Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical suspicion: Weakness, fatigue, nausea, musculoskeletal pain, dizziness, volume depletion, abdominal pain,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Weakness, fatigue, nausea ... , hypoglycemia Testing ... Baseline plasma ACTH Low ... insufficiency • Low
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... from other causes ... suggests extra-renal causes ... consumption • Low ... potassium #nephrology #low
Adrenal Insufficiency Diagnosis Algorithm - Evaluation of HPA Axis Response to ACTH

Early am cortisol < 3
Insufficiency Diagnosis Algorithm ... unclear (often the case ... then go to stim testing ... primary AI - Low ... Insufficiency #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Causes of Primary Amenorrhea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
No onset of menarche by age 16 with secondary
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Etiology - High FSH, Low ... Functional (e.g. eating ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #OBGyn
Antiarrhythmics Pharmacology Summary
Cardiac Conduction Phases:
Phase 0 - Ventricular Depolarization:
 • Na+ channels open leading to a
moving back to resting ... Phase 4 - True Resting ... maintain a negative resting ... Classification: CLASS 1 - Sodium ... Classification #Classes