22 results
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... water loss, Serum Sodium ... mannitol, glucosuria Low ... #Causes
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
Cerebral salt wasting ... Hypothyroidism, Low ... #Hyponatremia #algorithm ... #diagnosis #sodium ... #low #nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... normal volume-based algorithm ... : SIADH, Renal Sodium ... can be high or low ... Cerebral Salt Wasting
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... from other causes ... suggests extra-renal causes ... consumption • Low ... potassium #nephrology #low
Antiarrhythmics Pharmacology Summary
Cardiac Conduction Phases:
Phase 0 - Ventricular Depolarization:
 • Na+ channels open leading to a
moving back to resting ... Phase 4 - True Resting ... maintain a negative resting ... 1 - Sodium Channel ... Classification #Classes
Causes of Primary Amenorrhea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
No onset of menarche by age 16 with secondary
Causes of Primary ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Etiology - High FSH, Low ... Functional (e.g. eating ... #Causes #OBGyn
Shock Overview
A state of tissue hypoxia due to decreased or dysregulated oxygen delivery or extraction, resulting
Hypovolemic Shock - Low ... Cardiogenic Shock - Low ... Obstructive Shock - Low ... management #Overview #criticalcare ... #differential #causes
Causes of Secondary Amenorrhea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Absence of menses for more than 3 cycles or
Causes of Secondary ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... FSH, Low estrogen ... Functional (e.g. eating ... #Causes #OBGyn
Shock Overview
A state of tissue hypoxia due to decreased or dysregulated oxygen delivery or extraction, resulting
Hypovolemic Shock - Low ... Cardiogenic Shock - Low ... Obstructive Shock - Low ... management #Overview #criticalcare ... #differential #causes
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... alkalosis • Normal/low ... the indicated causes ... settings, the urine sodium ... the excretion of sodium