41 results
Congestive Heart Failure - Causes, Pathophysiology and Differential Diagnosis
 • Dilated Cardiomyopathy 
 • Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Heart Failure - Causes ... Pathophysiology and Differential ... Cardiomyopathy HFrEF ... Pathophysiology #Differential ... #HFpEF #CHF
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
Classification, ... hypernatremia - CHF ... - Nephrotic syndrome ... Glucocorticoid deficit - Hypokalemia ... Diagnosis #Table #Causes
Traditionally, congestive heart failure has been classified according to severity of symptoms, first formulated by the
STAGES of CHF (A ... Stage D CHF is frequently ... sometimes advanced treatment ... Diagnosis #Cardiology #CHF ... HeartFailure #Staging #Classification
Short Stature - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Variant, Normal Puberty Onset (BA = CA)
 • Familial Short
Short Stature - Differential ... Panhypopituitarism Treatment ... Cystic Fibrosis, CHF ... #ShortStature #Differential ... endocrinology #causes
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
abnormalities - Hypercalcemia ... - Hypokalemia ... Hypomagnesemia #Differential ... Magnesium #Table #Classification ... #Causes #Workup
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Low intake 
• poor oral intake 

Renal loss 
• Medication 
• Hypomagnesemia 
•
Hypokalemia Differential ... • Bartter's syndrome ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #Classification
Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure
Pathophysiology:
Chronic heart failure leads to an increase in inflammatory cytokines → Inflammation
→ Inflammation causes ... functional ID) Treatment ... endpoint of all-cause ... iron #deficiency #CHF ... #HFrEF #heartfailure
Acute and Chronic Causes of Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis
Pulmonary/Chest Wall:
 • Acute: Trauma, COPD exacerbation, Asthma
Acute and Chronic Causes ... of Dyspnea - Differential ... decompensated CHF ... Pericarditis, CAD, HFrEF ... #Differential #
Chest Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Cardiovascular Causes of Chest Pain:
 • Myocardium:
	- Myocarditis
	- CAD/ACS
	- Valvulopathy
	- Myopericarditis
Chest Pain - Differential ... Cardiovascular Causes ... Costochondritis - Tietze syndrome ... • Alveoli: - CHF ... Pain #ChestPain #Differential
Hypertension and Altered Mental Status (AMS) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Hypertension:
 • Hypertensive emergency
 • Hypertensive encephalopathy
Status (AMS) - Differential ... Cardiac: • CHF ... • Cushing’s syndrome ... • Serotonin syndrome ... #Diagnosis #causes