11 results
Brudzinski’s Sign in Meningitis (first described in 19th century by Dr. Josef Brudzinski)

Brudzinski's sign is characterized
flexion causes spinal ... While the pathophysiology ... an involuntary reflex ... #Meningitis #Clinical ... #PhysicalExam #Pediatrics
Meralgia paresthetica: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Compression/injury of Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve (LFCN) -> Meralgia paresthetica
 •
Pathogenesis and Clinical ... gait, strength, reflexes ... MeralgiaParesthetica #MSK #pathophysiology ... #differential # ... diagnosis #signs
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
L1-L5 Symptoms ... so-called ‘red flag’ symptoms ... constipation Differential ... cord infarct • HIV ... diagnosis #causes #neurology
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
neurological lesion: Clinical ... and signs below ... , HIV, CMV, HTLV ... dysfunction • Abnormal reflexes ... disorders #diagnosis #neurology
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Pathogenesis and clinical ... bladder and rectal reflex ... Syndromes #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #orthopedics #neurology
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
result in permanent neurologic ... syphilis, and HIV ... motor neuron symptoms ... syndromes #lesions #differential ... #diagnosis #neurology
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
Coltivirus Symptoms ... • Common clinical ... Acute meningeal signs ... culture or by serology ... #diagnosis #neurology
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
lateral sclerosis Pathophysiology ... Increased Jaw Jerk reflex ... fasciculations Common Symptoms ... conditions listed in differential ... Lateral #Sclerosis #neurology
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
• Bilateral signs ... and/or symptoms ... simplex virus, HIV ... diagnosis #management #neurology ... #differential
Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS)
Acute autoimmune demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: 1
immunodeficiency virus (HIV ... depressed deep tendon reflexes ... than one after symptom ... the underlying pathophysiology ... diagnosis #management #neurology