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management algorithm cord spinal spinalcord syndrome als amyotrophic barre cauda causes disorders encephalitis equina fungal gbs headache infectiousdiseases lateral lesions
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview Cauda Equina Syndrome: • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr •
spine • MCC- acute ... cord infarct • HIV ... Tethered cord • Guillain-Barre ... decompression #CaudaEquina ... #neurology
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Red flags (PHANTOMS): • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema •
history of cancer, HIV ... brain lesion • CNS ... infection (e.g. ... , meningitis) ... #neurology #PHANTOMS
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework Viral Encephalitis: MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
CNS Infections - ... : • Acute meningeal ... culture or by serology ... #Infections #differential ... #diagnosis #neurology
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework Spinal cord neurological lesion: Clinical findings: • Symptoms and signs below
Diagnosis Framework ... and signs below ... Infections: - ... dysfunction • Abnormal reflexes ... #neurology #differential
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
Pathophysiology ... Increased Jaw Jerk reflex ... fasciculations Common Symptoms ... conditions listed in differential ... #neurology #diagnosis
Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) Acute autoimmune demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness Epidemiology: • Incidence: 1
(GBS) Acute autoimmune ... immunodeficiency virus (HIV ... depressed deep tendon reflexes ... than one after symptom ... #management #neurology
Transverse Myelitis Overview Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
that results in CNS ... • Bilateral signs ... and/or symptoms ... #management #neurology ... #differential
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
result in permanent neurologic ... Infarction - Infection ... syphilis, and HIV ... syndromes #lesions #differential ... #diagnosis #neurology
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework When to Consider Vasculitis: • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions • Mononeuritis multiplex • Hematuria, proteinuria,
Presentation: Systemic Symptoms ... , particularly scleritis ... purpura: Strong sign ... • Progressive symptoms ... chorioretinitis, CNS
Mycoses HISTOPLASMOSIS • Inhalation of conidia → Yeast → travel to lymph nodes → spread in body • Bird
Pericarditis • Sclerosing ... by culture or serology ... MC: CNS CSF: • ... Aspergillosis Pathophysiology ... : • Serology for
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