15 results
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
papilledema • Horner syndrome ... history of cancer, HIV ... • CNS infection ... (e.g., meningitis ... #neurology #PHANTOMS
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... Equina Syndrome ... syndrome (CES) is ... diagnosis #causes ... #neurology
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Anterior Cord Syndrome ... • Central Cord Syndrome ... #Syndromes #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms ... #orthopedics #neurology
Signs and Symptoms Associated With Different Headache Etiologies
 • Nonfocal mental status changes - Meningitis, encephalitis,
Signs and Symptoms ... vasoconstriction syndrome ... , meningitis, encephalitis ... #signs #symptoms ... #clues #differential
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
- Spinal Cord Syndromes ... Brown-Séquard Syndrome ... Equina Syndrome ... #lesions #differential ... #diagnosis #neurology
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
: • Acute meningeal ... signs (fever, nuchal ... culture or by serology ... diagnosis #neurology ... #meningitis #encephalitis
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
and signs below ... roots -> Cauda ... Infections: - ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... #neurology #differential
Neurological Manifestations of Tuberculosis
Spinal Arachnoiditis & Polyradiculopathy:
 • Subacute onset of limb weakness, bladder/bowel dysfunction, muscle
Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome ... (IRIS): • In HIV ... • Caused by immune ... #differential # ... TB #neurology
Emergent Causes of Headache and Associated Risk Factors
Carbon monoxide poisoning
 - Breathing in enclosed or confined
Emergent Causes ... , encephalitis, ... vasoconstriction syndrome ... #redflags #signs ... #symptoms #differential
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
Encephalopathy Syndrome ... Clinico-Radiological Syndrome ... syndrome by 24 ... #diagnosis #management ... #neurology