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diagnosis management syndrome barre guillain spinalcord algorithm amyotrophic brudzinskis cauda caudaequina cns disorders encephalitis encephalopathy gbs guillainbarre lateral lesions myelitis
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview Cauda Equina Syndrome: • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr •
L1-L5 Symptoms ... cord infarct ... • HIV related myelopathy ... infection/abscess ... #neurology
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework Spinal cord neurological lesion: Clinical findings: • Symptoms and signs below
Spinal Cord Disorders ... lesion: Clinical ... and signs below ... Cord Causes: 1 ... disorders #diagnosis #neurology
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
Causes of spinal ... Infarction - Infection ... syphilis, and HIV ... #lesions #differential ... #diagnosis #neurology
Brudzinski’s Sign in Meningitis (first described in 19th century by Dr. Josef Brudzinski) Brudzinski's sign is characterized
Passive neck flexion causes ... spinal cord movement ... While the pathophysiology ... an involuntary reflex ... #Meningitis #Clinical
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 CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework Viral Encephalitis: MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
encephalitis, eastern equine ... • Common clinical ... Acute meningeal signs ... culture or by serology ... diagnosis #neurology
Transverse Myelitis Overview Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
• Bilateral signs ... and/or symptoms ... simplex virus, HIV ... diagnosis #management #neurology ... #differential
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
lateral sclerosis Pathophysiology ... cord regions of ... Increased Jaw Jerk reflex ... fasciculations Common Symptoms ... Lateral #Sclerosis #neurology
Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) Acute autoimmune demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness Epidemiology: • Incidence: 1
immunodeficiency virus (HIV ... depressed deep tendon reflexes ... than one after symptom ... roots and cauda equina ... diagnosis #management #neurology
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness Epidemiology: • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
Guillain-Barre Pathophysiology ... response preceding infection ... Campylobacter jejuni - HIV ... of intrathecal spinal ... management #treatment #neurology
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by: • Headache • Seizures • Altered mental
may precede the neurologic ... Etiology: • Pathophysiology ... Neurological symptoms ... Reversible course Differential ... diagnosis #management #neurology
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