9 results
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
cord lesions can ... cord lesions can ... syphilis, and HIV ... #syndromes #lesions ... differential #diagnosis #neurology
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Syndrome ->Cord ... Complete hemicord lesion ... bladder and rectal reflex ... #signs #symptoms ... #orthopedics #neurology
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
and signs below ... Causes: 1. ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... disorders #diagnosis #neurology ... differential #algorithm
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
papilledema • Horner syndrome ... history of cancer, HIV ... ) • Systemic symptoms ... infection (e.g., meningitis ... #neurology #PHANTOMS
Neurological Manifestations of Tuberculosis
Spinal Arachnoiditis & Polyradiculopathy:
 • Subacute onset of limb weakness, bladder/bowel dysfunction, muscle
meninges in spinal cord ... Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome ... (IRIS): • In HIV ... • Caused by immune ... differential #TB #neurology
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
spine L1-L5 Symptoms ... so-called ‘red flag’ symptoms ... - Emergency Causes ... infarct • HIV ... #neurology
The Neurological Evaluation of a Comatose Patient

Definition:
 • Coma: a state of unresponsiveness; the absence of
• Locked-in syndrome ... • Mutism Pathophysiology ... hypertonia (spasticity, rigidity ... • Examine for signs ... #PhysicalExam #neurology
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
Spasticity - Reflexes ... signs and/or symptoms ... • Infectious causes ... simplex virus, HIV ... diagnosis #management #neurology
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
lateral sclerosis Pathophysiology ... multiple spinal cord ... Increased Jaw Jerk reflex ... fasciculations Common Symptoms ... Lateral #Sclerosis #neurology