132 results
Causes of False Elevation and Reduction in HbA1c

== False Elevation ==
Decreased RBC turnover 
• Iron, B-12,
Causes of False ... and Reduction in HbA1c ... Elevation == Decreased ... Elevation #Reduction #HbA1c ... #Increase #Decrease
Cubital Tunnel Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

 • Paresthesia of 5th and medial half of 4th
test • + Tinel sign ... Weak pinch • Decreased ... • + Froment's sign ... + Wartenbergs sign ... #symptoms #msk
Kussmaul's Sign - Differential Diagnosis

Typically the JVP decreases with inspiration as the negative intrathoracic pressure "sucks
Kussmaul's Sign ... Typically the JVP decreases ... there is a lack of decrease ... or increase in ... #differential #causes
Rotator Cuff Syndrome - SITS
Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres minor, and Subscapularis.
Causes: Calcific supraspinatus tendinitis 
Signs: painful abduction
Causes: Calcific ... supraspinatus tendinitis Signs ... diagnosis #sports #MSK
Hypotension in Anesthesiology - Differential Diagnosis and Management 

Initial checklist: 
 - Verify BP (e.g. surgeon
Check other vital signs ... Inform surgeon (ask ... crystalloids) - Decrease ... anaesthetic - Increase
Gout (Gouty Arthritis) - MSK Radiology
Imaging Findings:
 • Eccentric soft-tissue densities surrounding the third proximal interphalangeal
Gouty Arthritis) - MSK ... Case description ... mass and NO prior signs ... - **MSK rads ... Radiology #diagnosis #msk
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Diagnosis Algorithm Cause ... - Decreased Intake ... intoxication Cause ... - Gitelman SIGNS ... acidosis - Cl⁻ decrease
Patellofemoral Syndrome - Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Knee Pain with possible symptoms of 'catching'
patellofemoral joint with MRI ... pathophysiology #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #msk
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Equina Syndrome Causes ... lumbar spine Signs ... suspected, immediate MRI ... CaudaEquina #Syndrome #MSK ... diagnosis #symptoms #signs
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
cognitive impairment, decreased ... Clonus, Babinski’s sign ... • Lhermitte’s sign ... Signs and symptoms ... resonance imaging [MRI