11 results
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Diagnosis Algorithm ... - Increased Urinary ... Loss Decreased ... causes #potassium #low ... #pathophysiology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Once pseudohypokalemia is ruled out, causes of hypokalemia can be
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Decreased filling ... of bucket (low ... all the time (urinary ... Causes #workup #nephrology
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Hypochloremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Intake: • Low ... - Gitelman SIGNS ... #Pathophysiology
Causes of Nephrolithiasis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Radio-opaque - Calcium-containing - 90% of stones
Radiolucent - Non-calcium 10%
Nephrolithiasis - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... of stones: • Urinary ... ingestion Stones with decreased ... #Differential #
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Appropriately Low Kidney Phosphate Excretion:
 • Decreased GI Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea, Antacids,
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Appropriately Low ... Excretion: • Decreased ... • N Vitamin D: Primary ... #nephrology #phosphorus
Varicocele: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Primary:
 - Anatomically: the left spermatic vein drains into the left renal
Obstruction of blood flow ... Valsalva maneuver (decreases ... #Varicocele #Pathophysiology ... #Signs #Symptoms ... #Urology #Diagnosis
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary ... Chloride Algorithm ... alkalosis • Normal/low ... acidosis-induced decreased ... #nephrology #differential
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
lateral sclerosis Pathophysiology ... - Fatigue and decreased ... conditions listed in differential ... Lateral #Sclerosis #neurology ... #diagnosis #management
Aortoenteric Fistula - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
• Uncommon but life-threatening
• Most common site of bowel connection
duodenum Clinical Signs ... • Should be on differential ... intervention, no matter how ... Pathophysiology: ... • Primary AEF
Giant cell arteritis (GCA)

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) definition: Most common systemic inflammatory vasculitis in older adults
with systemic, neurologic ... systemic sx + signs ... very remarkable w/differential ... GCA #Temporal #Signs ... Symptoms #Diagnosis #Management