9 results
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
and Workup Step ... NORMAL PLASMA OSMOLALITY ... hyperproteinemia DECREASED ... #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
- Diarrhea pH Normal ... Decreased Mg ... Metabolic alkalosis ... #Causes #Workup ... #Nephrology
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Hypochloremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... - Gitelman SIGNS ... Hypochloremia #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential ... Framework and Workup ... if increased or decreased ... NonAnionGap #Acidosis #Metabolic ... #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Kidney Injury - AKI Workup ... Algorithm and Differential ... investigations abnormal ... clinical context and signs ... #Algorithm #Differential
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... In a normal gap ... acidosis-induced decreased ... Chloride #urine #Algorithm ... #nephrology #differential
Oncologic Emergencies - Differential Diagnosis Framework

HEMATOLOGIC ONCOLOGIC EMERGENCIES:
Hyperviscosity Syndrome:
 • Spontaneous bleeding
 • Shortness of breath
Emergencies - Differential ... of breath • Neurologic ... venous pressure) METABOLIC ... • Vomiting, decreased ... coma SIADH: • Hyponatremia
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
Heat Stroke - Differential ... heat illness → Hypernatremia ... • Labs: - Metabolic ... → Syncope • Signs ... - Core temp normal
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
• Symptoms and signs ... Cauda equina- decreased ... Toxic Metabolic: ... disorders #diagnosis #neurology ... #algorithm