71 results
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Once pseudohypokalemia is ruled out, causes of hypokalemia can be
Causes of Hypokalemia ... - Differential ... Decreased filling ... #Differential # ... Causes #workup #nephrology
Shock - Findings, Signs and Symptoms by Classification
 - Hypovolemic (Intravascular volume depletion)
 - Distributive (Vasodilation)
Shock - Findings, Signs ... - Cardiogenic (Decreased ... DrEricStrong #Shock #Differential ... Classification #Table ... #CriticalCare #Sign
Causes of HyperKalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Increased extracellular K+:
 • Tissue injury
 • Hemolysis
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 •
Causes of HyperKalemia ... - Differential ... of injection Decreased ... blockers - MCW Nephrology ... #Differential #
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Hyporeflexia: • Hypercalcemia ... injury, Early ALS ... Testing #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #table ... #neurology
Potassium-Binding Agents to Treat Hyperkalemia
Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (Lokelma):
 • Mechanism: Preferentially captures K in exchange for
Agents to Treat Hyperkalemia ... calcium for K; also ... Initial: 8.4 g QD; increase ... dose as necessary ... #pharmacology #table
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
by Mechanism Decreased ... abnormalities - Hypercalcemia ... - Hypokalemia ... Hypomagnesemia #Differential ... Low #Magnesium #Table
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential ... Decreased Mg ... NephTwitter) #Hypokalemia ... #Differential # ... Causes #Workup #Nephrology
Kussmaul's Sign - Differential Diagnosis

Typically the JVP decreases with inspiration as the negative intrathoracic pressure "sucks
- Differential Diagnosis ... Typically the JVP decreases ... with inspiration as ... there is a lack of decrease ... diagnosis #cardiology #differential
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic ... algorithm Decreased ... • Type 1 #Hyperkalemia ... Diagnosis #algorithm #nephrology ... #potassium #differential
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
 • Cellular Shift:
   - Exercise
- Differential ... tacrolimus) - Decrease ... distal RTA - Decreased ... Increased production: TLS ... #Differential #