11 results
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
and Workup Step ... 1 . ... hyperproteinemia DECREASED ... #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus Workup

Step #1 - Consider the history
Step #2 - Assess
Hypernatremia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Diabetes Insipidus Workup ... Step #1 - Consider ... #Sodium #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm ... 1) Check Urine ... #Differential # ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential ... Algorithm Acidosis ... Decreased Mg ... #Causes #Workup ... #Nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Once pseudohypokalemia is ruled out, causes of hypokalemia can be
Diagnosis Algorithm ... discrete buckets: 1. ... Decreased filling ... #Causes #workup ... #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Algorithm and Differential ... clinical context and signs ... cryoglobulins, hepatitis serology ... , HIV serology, ... #Algorithm #Differential
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
Weakness - Differential ... Lack of UMN/LMN signs ... dystrophies Work ... aminotransferases • Serology ... #Diagnosis #neurology
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
Cord Disorders - Differential ... • Symptoms and signs ... Cauda equina- decreased ... disorders #diagnosis #neurology ... #algorithm
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
simplex virus 1 ... /L) • Mildly decreased ... Acute meningeal signs ... culture or by serology ... #diagnosis #neurology
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
ALS involves: (1) ... - Fatigue and decreased ... likelihood of this 1. ... conditions listed in differential ... Lateral #Sclerosis #neurology